HistoryFebruary 8, 1940
Order Establishes the Łódź Ghetto
On this day, February 8, 1940, German authorities in Łódź ordered Jews into a ghetto. The ghetto was sealed on May 1.
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HistoryOctober 8, 1939
Nazis Establish the Piotrków Ghetto
On this day, October 8, 1939, German authorities ordered a ghetto in Piotrków Trybunalski, the first ghetto in occupied Poland.
HistoryOctober 14, 1943
Prisoners Revolt at Sobibor
On this day, October 14, 1943, prisoners at Sobibor killed members of the SS staff and about 300 broke out of the camp.
HistoryAugust 16, 1943
Białystok Ghetto Uprising Begins
On this day, August 16, 1943, Jewish fighters in the Białystok ghetto rose as German forces began the final liquidation. The revolt was the second-largest ghetto uprising after Warsaw.
HistoryAugust 1, 1943
The Final Liquidation of the Będzin Ghetto Begins
On 1 August 1943, German forces began the final liquidation of the Będzin ghetto. Armed resistance slowed the clearance.
HistoryMarch 17, 1942
Deportations from Lublin to Bełżec Begin
On this day, March 17, 1942, German authorities began mass deportations from the Lublin ghetto to the Bełżec killing center.
HistoryDecember 11, 1941
Hitler Declares War on the United States
On this day, December 11, 1941, Germany declared war on the United States, four days after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
HistoryJune 22, 1941
Germany Invades the Soviet Union
On this day, June 22, 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa. More than three million German soldiers, with allied troops, attacked across a front from the Baltic to the Black Sea.
History29–30 April 1945
Soviet Forces Liberate Ravensbrück
Soviet forces liberated Ravensbrück on 29–30 April 1945. Remaining SS guards fled on the 29th; the Red Army vanguard arrived on the 30th.
HistoryFebruary 9, 1943
Zofia Yamaika Dies Covering a Partisan Retreat
On this day, February 9, 1943, Zofia Yamaika was killed near Radom while covering her partisan unit’s retreat from a German attack.
History13–14 July 1942
Nazis Liquidate the Rivne Ghetto
On 13–14 July 1942, German SS and Ukrainian police cleared the remaining Rivne ghetto. About 5,000 Jews were taken to the forest near Kostopil and shot.
HistoryMay 21, 1942
First Roundup Begins in the Chełm Ghetto
On this day, May 21, 1942, the eve of Shavuot, the first roundup of Jews in the Chełm ghetto began. The Aktion lasted through May 23.