Jewish Original · Living archive
Move through Jewish history, culture, ideas, people, and places. Follow the threads between the past and the Jewish present.
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On 25 January 1569, at El Pardo, Philip II issued the royal cédula authorizing Holy Office tribunals in the Indies. Spain still used the Julian calendar. The Lima tribunal was received in 1570.
On this day, May 11, 1960, Israeli agents captured Adolf Eichmann near Buenos Aires. He was tried in Jerusalem in 1961 and hanged in 1962.
After November 1938, Jewish refugees from Germany and Austria began reaching Shanghai in large numbers. The movement followed Kristallnacht and is not dated as a single landing day.
Henryk Ross, later an official photographer in the Łódź ghetto who also made a secret record of ghetto life, was born in Warsaw in 1910. The exact day is not confirmed.
On this day, November 28, 1919, Faye Schulman was born in Lenin. She later photographed Jewish partisan life in Eastern Europe.
On this day, July 2, 2016, Elie Wiesel, the author of Night and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, died in New York at 87.
On this day, July 31, 1492, the Alhambra Decree’s deadline arrived. Jews in Spain had to leave or convert, or face death.
On this day, July 27, 1655, Jews in New Amsterdam asked for a burial ground. The colonial council refused, saying there was no need yet.
On this day, July 17, 1862, U.S. Army chaplain law opened the chaplaincy to regularly ordained ministers of any religious denomination, including rabbis.
On this day, February 19, 2016, Samuel Willenberg, a survivor of Treblinka and of its 1943 revolt, died in Israel at 93.
On this day, August 11, 1944, German authorities executed Joop Westerweel at Vught for helping Jews escape Nazi deportation.
On April 29, 1945, American troops liberated the Dachau concentration camp, freeing approximately 32,000 prisoners after twelve years of Nazi imprisonment, forced labor, medical experimentation, and mass death.
